Separator



E. R. SH AW SEPARATOR Filed May 12, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet l Y gwumtoz Edwad R. Shaw BY Sv,

Aug. 3, 1937.

E. R. sHAw 2,088,816,

SEPARATOR Filed May 1 2. 1951 4 sheets-sheet 2 gime/nto@ [dward EES/mw y WWW Aug. 3, 1937. E. R. sHAW 2,088,816

SEPARATOR Filed May l2, 1931 4 sheets-sheet. 5

gwuwntoz [dwardRS/zaw Patented Aug. 3, 1937 uNlTEDjsTATEs waant PATENT I OFFICE sEPnaA'roR Edward R. shaw, cincinnati, chip ApplicationyMay 12, 1931, serial No. 536,733 .I p

e claims. l (o1. 209-44) :This invention relates to separation apparatus for use in the preparation of coal, coke, minerals and the klike .and has :Ecrits object the provision of an apparatus and method for effecting a sepa- 5'r ration of any of the aforementioned fromvits' time and operation.

associated impurities ""in aminimum of space,

`Another 'object is" to` provide concentrating orsuperimposed separating screen, the object of'A which is to separate the lfinermaterials from` the coarse materials.- The finer materials thus Separated fall tok theprimary deck wherethey are cleaned and passed to the secondary deck onf which they assist in cleaning they coarser matey rials. `'I'l'iisarrangement dispenses with the elaborate-apparatus heretofore necessary toI obtain an efcient cleaning. I

"These and other objects are attained by the means described herein and disclosed in the acl companying drawings; in which:`

of the invention.

'Fig. 2- is a View taken on line 2--2 of Fig. 1,

partfbeing broken'away. l

Fig 3'; is a `view of the device taken on line 3-,3 of Fig. 1, partlbeing broken away.

Fig. 4 is a plan View of a control device form- 35 ing a'detail of the invention.

Fig. 5 isha perspective view of` ar rile member forming a'detail ofthe invention;

Figi 6 is'a top plan viewof a modied form of Fig.'7 isasectional view on line 1 1 of the deck'shownjin Fig. 6. I

`Fi .ffshows diagrammatically, in side eleva- .}0re,f,c01etc.. are. usuallygcontaminated with. Iirnpuriutieatand iti.s\necessary to separatethe 50 desiredsubstance `from thecontaminatingsubstancesA before putting itto its intended use. Heretoore known cleaning andclassifying apparatus has usually been of rather large dimension .551 and vhasloften consisted of a number lof separate Fig` 1 is asidejelevational View of the device an lectrieallyV-openated deck of the'susf units. l The use of vibrating or-reciprocating decks is, broadly speaking, old practice.

The hereinafter described apparatus entails the use of a relatively'compact arrangement of short decks havinga more efficient riie structure than previously used and operating, together With other instrumentalities'in effecting a complete separation lof coal orother substancein a single operation.

In the present embodiment,` the device of the 10 invention comprises a suitable air chamber I0 fed' through inlet' pipe I lirom any suitable source of fairunder pressure (not shown). `Mounted at each longitudinal sideof the air chamberor chest I0 isa pair of longitudinally extending members 15 suchas "structural channels I2 kwhich also carry the reciprocating mechanism employed for the separator. 'Ihe lreciprocating mechanism may consist of a power source such as motor M which drives shaft I4 through any suitablefmechanism such as pulleys I5 and belt I6 and which carries a pair of eccentrics I'I and a second pair of eccentrics I8. A primary or short deck I9 is supported upon a pair of toggle "links 2i) vand reciprocating motion is impartedthereto by alpitman 2I connected tothe deck I9 and the eccentrics I8. The deck has a hollow box-like frame over which extends the deck proper which may have a troughlike cross sectional shape such as is shown in Fig. 2, or any vother approved cross sectional design. The cross section of each of the decks being`of somewhat similar construction, reference is madetoFig. 2 for structural details. The side pieces-22 are so-lid and imperforate and are supported by the pairs of toggle links 2E! so that the reciprocating movement ofpitmans 2| and 2I effect longitudinalreciprocation. The discharge end of thegfirst` table is` disposedat a higher elevationso that the material discharged therefrom may be dropped onto the second table. Each deck has `a series o-flribs-23 extending laterally from `thesides 22 to adjacent longitudinally eX- tending ,stringers` 24, the space between said stringers having a plurality of. tiltable louvres 25` which are controllableto Vary the direction of 4- air under pressure moving upwardly from the interior of air chest IIJ., Mounted over` the upper face of the ribs and acrossthe `top of the move able louvres` is aperforatedcovering of wire cloth I U0 or its `equivalent upon which is mounted a 50 seriesl of rifiles 26 outwardly diverging and each having a seriesof angular oiTsets intermediate its ends as at 21,28 and 29. On the underface of the ribs 23 is a series of air control panel `structures for exampleas shown in Fig. liywhich 55 coal or other material is poured through bead-- j chute 35. The secondary `deck 36 constructed substantially as previously described has a flexible air-tight connection 31 with the deck I9 to.

preclude loss of air pressure beneath the deck. A dome-like screen or meshlcover 330, similar to the cover 33 extends over the secondary decks and is exibly connected as at 38 with the cover 33; The pitmans 2|0 imparta longerY strokeand a relatively different speed of reciprocationv to the secondary deck 36 than that'imparted to the primary deck by the pitmans 2|; The difference in length and-speed of stroke ofthe pitmans may be accomplished vby any suitableA means such as.

by having thel respective pitmansoperative on different diameter eccentrics'or any othervknown manner. Interiorly of the dome-like covers 33-330 the primary deck lI9 has an overhanging lip 39 Whichallowsthe products from the primary deck to spill 'onto the riilled topzof the secondary deck. 1Here the riflles 260 are again provided with anglessuch as at 210 and 28||. f

lf'desired the decks can also be set into recip rocating motion by means of electrical vibrator arrangements, the decks being suspended in a yieldable and reciprocable fashion lfrom an `overhead'beam. This is shown diagrammatcally inV The vibrators may be of vany approved type obtainable onthe market. trical supply-are used to actuate these vibrators.

Buffers such as 40 and 4| are Vplaced in relaat opposite sides of the tively symmetrical pairs secondary deck. v

. Buffers 40ma-y be Vsolidobstructions at the side of the deck, against which the heavy material piles up and spills off'through--the openings or ports 45 in screen dome 33--33|l.r Buifers 4| may have longitudinally extending Ways emptyingV through ports 45 which extend through the end wall 33| and these Ways have; floating gatesf4 I 0 on the lateral inside faces. See Figs.` 3 and 9;

A substantially triangular dividing wedge 42 is mounted on top of the Screen 34.'

From 'the foregoing'it will beapparent that air under pressure passing upwardly betwenithe louvres 25 and throughlthe ai'r controls l3( |`-3| will pass upwardly through the perforated cover*` between the riiiles 26 so that materials'such -as coal to be cleaned willvbesubjectedvk to controlled degrees of `velocity air'movfement'jat different points along the'lengthvoflthe structure accoifdf-l ingly as the air controllrplates may beadjusted.`

At the same time longitudinal reciprocation of the decks assist the spilling of the lighter parti? cles over the tops of the. riles k2li.. IThe main-- tenance of astaticrairpressure-above the decky andbelow the screen-like dome eifects a quickerN and more effective separation@ of the heavier and:

lighter particles. j 'As was heretofore intimated .the structure just kare -electrically operated andl Wires 8| connected to-asource of elec-v described is not limited to the use of air as a medium of fioatation.

Where large quantities of water are chiey available it is possible to pump water upwardly through the chamber l0 and in controlled degrees through the control plates 30-3I and between the louvres 25 for operating upon the coal or other material during the Vibratory movement of the decks. In this construction the ne Wire mesh dome or cover 33--330 may be omitted.

The operation of the device with water as a iioatation medium is as follows. The water is pumped upwardly through the chamber as just described and the coal or other material is continuously dumped into feed chute 35 onto screen V34 Where an initial sizing of material takes place.

The smaller material passes through the screen onto the' riflles of primary deck I9 where, due to .the` outward divergence of curved riles 26, the eflicien'cy of which is especially augmented by the occasional angles such as 21-28 and :29,vthe

lighter Iparticles are moved forwardly overthe.

tops of the rifes andthe heavier particles are shun-ted laterally by the. curved riilles and the angles therein.-

through screen 34 are moved forwardly oversaid screendue to the reciprocatory movement of the deck tand screen `and are shunted sidewardly by.

the wedge shaped lock 42 on the screen. f These larger particles;thereiore,1when they reach the forward end of the screen will drop directly onto the outer sidesof the secondary deck 36 where they will be acted upon by thecurved rilest260 the eilciency` of whichis augmented by the occasional angles 21B-280, etc. AThe smallerparticles on the primary deck undergo ,a very thorough Yseparation-on the primaryv deck. The incoming rush of water tending to separate particles which-might tend to adhere if the material entering the chuteisrwet. l f

, vlThe ybuffers 40 discharge the heavier materials which are entrapped bythe outermost riilles-260 at intervals along opposite sides of the mem-4 bers43; v v

It is tobe. understood that the control panels 30-3l would be arranged to provide an increas. ingpressurelfrom'feed end to discharge end.

The louvres 25 would be adjustedso that the inow ofthe oatation medium Ywould oppose the advance of the material, thereby-affording everyl opportunity for the heavier particles to shiftlat'- erally of the center and thus afford an mareas--l ingly perfected stratified bed of material asthe general forward movement of said material apfproaches the discharge end 44. l v

Describing the operation of the devicel ar-v ranged for the use of air as a floatation medium, it is to be understood that the fine meshed ydome. like covers 33-330 `wouldbe employedand that air under pressure would becon'stantlycha'rged.

into the'air chamber'lli. arrangement.v is` especially desirablefwhen Ythe fmateri'a'l to be cleaned :is coal'or coke." The material iscpnV`v tinuously ,poured into the charging chute 35 and'o'nto the screen 34 Where the larger particles are immediatelyseparated from the* smaller, much I .2@ The largerl materials whichhave not passed,A

stratified mass of material continually spills onto the secondary deck While the larger particles which did not pass. through the screen 34 are dumped onto the top `and onto the mass. Refuse ports 45, which are openings in the dome screens 33-330, may be provided closelyr adjacent the baffles 40 and 4l to permit the larger heavy masses to spill over the side members 43. The refuse ports 45 in dome screen 33 permit discharge of some of the heavy material therethrough from the first deck, the heavy material being disposed of wherever possible by spilling them from the sides of the reciprocating decks. The closely meshed domes 33-330 and screen end wall 33| trap the air and prevent its rapid escape and also create a small amount of b-ack pressure which retards the incoming air. This condition therefore affords a sort of static pressure which is especially effective in separating ne particles from heavier while the light group are in suspension.

It is to be understood that while the deck apparatus is shown to be substantially rectangular, this particular arrangement is not vital, since it .may well be changed to a general elliptical shape.

if desired. The riiiie decks as shown are of substantially trough-shape but may be made substantially convex as illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7. In this embodiment it would be understood that the angle of the rifiies would be reversed with a tendency toward convergence at the center and discharge end. By providing the series of independent air control plates along the length of the device it is possible to subject the freshly received materials to lesser velocity pressure so that the very fine particles will not be blown entirely out of the device, but will take the course centerward to build up a heavier stratified bed which c an be operated upon by increasing velocity pressure as the entire mass approaches the discharge end.

It is to be understood that the operation of the device may be substantially continuous and that in the cleaning of coal, a partial classification as to size is effected along with the cleaning.

What is claimed is:

1. In a separating device for coals, ore and the like, the combination of a primary deck and a secondary deck, curved rifes on said decks, the primary deck being disposed at a higher elevation than the secondary deck and having an overhanging edge, a single power means and eiecting vibration of the decks at different speeds, a screen deck carried by and overlying the primary deck, a charging chute above said screen deck and iiexibly connected air retarding covers mounted over said decks.

2. In a separation apparatus the combination of a primary riille deck, a separating screen carried by and disposed above said primary deck, a secondary riiile deck, the forward edge of the primary deck and screen overhanging said secondary deck, and means for effecting vibration of said decks at different rates.

3. In a device of the class described the combination with a deck structure having riles on its upper face, of a series of air control panels mounted along the length of said deck at each side, each air control panel comprising a pair of superposed perforate members arranged for shiftable relative adjustment and xation in adjusted positions and a central longitudinal series of louvers between said series of air control panels.

4. In a device of the class described the combination of a deck substantially trough-shaped in cross section, said trough having a horizontal bottom, transverse louvres in said bottom, angularly inclined sides extending from said horizontal bottom; divergent sets of curved riffles arranged in spaced relation over said sides and bottom on the upper faces thereof and independent sectionally adjustable air volume control members disposed at opposite sides of said louvers and beneath the inclined sides.

5. In a device of the class described the combination of a pair of riiiie decks comprising a primary deck and a secondary deck, a separating screen mounted above .and c-arried by the primary deck, a wedge shaped buffer on the discharge end of said screen, the decks being ilexibly connected at adjacent ends and arranged in such relation that material passing through the screen may be treated on the primary deck and discharged onto the secondary deck for further treatment, the material on the said screen being discharged onto the pre-treated material on the secondary deck, means effectingreciprocation of said decks at diierent speeds and means providing a varying flow of a floatation medium upwardly through both of said riliie decks.

6. In combination a pair of rife decks each having a discharge end and a receiving end, one of said decks having its discharge end disposed over the receiving end of the other, a separating screen member disposed over the elevated deck and having an end discharging onto the second deck, a separating wedge carried by said separating screen, electrical vibrating means carried by each deck to impart movement thereto, and means for directing a oatation medium upwardly through said decks.

EDWARD R. SHAW. 

